NARRATIVE TEXT

A.       NARRATIVE

1.             The Definition

       Narrative text is a story with complication or problematic events and it tries to find the resolutions to solve the problems. An important part of narrative text is the narrative mode, the set of methods used to communicate the narrative through a process narration.

2.           The Purpose

       The Purpose of Narrative Text is to amuse or to entertain the reader with a story.

3.           Generic Structures of Narrative Text

1.        Orientation

       Sets the scene: where and when the story happened and introduces the participants of the story: who and what is involved in the story.

2.        Complication

Tells the beginning of the problems which leads to the crisis (climax) of the main participants.

3.        Resolution
The problem (the crisis) is resolved, either in a happy ending or in a sad (tragic) ending.

The narrative texts divide into some kind, such as mention below and please give explanation of each answer:

1.        What is a legend?

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2.        What is a myth?

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3.        What is a fable?

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4.        What is a folk tale?

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5.        What is a fairy tale?

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EXERCISE

Classify to which group the stories below.

No	Title	Folk Tale	Fable	Legend	Fairy Tale
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.	Cinde laras Pinocchio The fox and the crow Thumbelina Timun Mas Ali Baba and the forty thieves Aladin and His Lamp Sangkuriang The City  Mouse and the country mouse The happening of Banyuwangi

EXAMPLE

Text Organization	A Bat and The Weasels	Language Features
Orientation §  When §  Who §  Where	One evening, a bat went out to hunt for food even though he was not well. As he flew after some insects, he felt dizzy and fell to the ground in a field.	Action Verbs (Highlighted)
Complication A crisis arises	Before he could get up, a weasel pounced on him. “Please, Mr. Weasel,” the bat pleaded,” please let me go!.” The weasel just laughed, “Certainly not! I am a great hunter of birds!”	Saying Verbs (In Italics)
Resolution The crisis is resolved	Thinking quickly, the bat replied,” Oh, but I am not a bird, I am a mouse. Look closely at my face. Don’t I look like a mouse?.” The weasel agreed and let him go.	Feeling verbs (in bold)
Complication Another crisis arises	A short time later, the bat fell to the ground again and was caught by a second weasel. Once again, he had to plead for his life. “Why shouldn’t I kill you? I hunt mice! Exclaimed the weasel.	Time conjunctions and connectives (underlined)
Resolution The crisis is resolved	“Oh, but I am not a mouse,” he answered. “I am a bat. Have you ever a mouse with wings?” he asked, spreading his wings for the weasel to see. The weasel was convinced and set him free. Rose Wilson,2003:12

EXERCISE

1.        What does the writer want with the story?

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2.        In which part does the writer identify the main character of the story? 

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3.        In which part does the writer identify the time and place where the story happened? 
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4.        Who are the characters in this story?
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5.        Who is the main character?
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6.        When did the story happen?

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7.        Where did this story take place? 

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8.        What do you learn from the complication?

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9.        What do you learn from the resolution?
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10.     What moral do you learn from this story?

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READING

Text 1

The Ugly Duckling

One upon time, a mother duck sat on her eggs. She felt tired of sitting on them. She just wished the eggs would break out. Several days later, she got her wish. The eggs cracked and some cute little ducklings appeared. "Peep, peep" the little ducklings cried. "Quack, quack" their mother greeted in return.

However the largest egg had not cracked. The mother duck sat on it for several days. Finally, it cracked and a huge ugly duckling waddled out. The mother duck looked at him in surprise. He was so big and very gray. He didn't look like the others at all. He was like a turkey.

When the mother duck brought the children to the pond for their first swimming lesson, the huge grey duckling splashed and paddled about just as nicely as the other ducklings did. "That is not a turkey chick. He is my very own son and quite handsome" the mother said proudly.

However, the other animals didn't agree. They hissed and made fun of him day by day. Even his sisters and brothers were very unkind. "You are very ugly" they quacked.

The little poor duckling was very unhappy. "I wish I looked like them" he thought to himself. One day, the ugly duckling run away and hid in the bushes. The sad duckling lived alone through the cold and snow winter. Finally the spring flowers began to bloom. While he was swimming in the pond, he saw three large white swans swimming toward him. "Oh, dear, these beautiful birds will laugh and peck me too" he said to himself. But the swans did not attack him. Instead, they swam around him and stroked him with their bills. As the ugly duckling bent his neck to speak to them, he saw his reflection in the water. He could not believe his eyes. "I am not an ugly duckling but a beautiful swam" he exclaimed.

He was very happy. From that day on, he swam and played with his new friends and was happier than he had never been.

EXERCISE

According to the text above, please identify the generic structure of narrative text!

1.       Orientation

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2.       Complication

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3.       Resolution

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EXERCISE

According to the statement given below, you have to choose whether the answer true (T) or false (F)!

1.        (      ) A mother duck had waited for short time to see her eggs cracked.

2.        (      ) The smallest egg cracked longest.

3.        (      ) The color of the big duck was blue.

4.        (      ) A mother duck was so embarrassed to have an ugly son.

5.        (      ) Finally, A big ugly duck had some friends, his friends were swans.

   

EXERCISE

Match words in the box with the similar meaning of each word!

No	Column A	Answer	No	Column B
1	Cracked		a.	Pool
2	Appeared		b.	Assail
3	Brought		c.	Concealed
4	Pond		d.	Looked
5	Attacked		e.	Nagged
6	Exclaimed		f.	Broke
7	Hid		g.	Escaped
8	Run away		h.	Started
9	Peck		i.	Called out
10	Began		j.	Carried

Text 2
In Pair, rearrange the story of “Malin Kundang” into good and meaningful paragraph.

(    )Some days later his ship left the harbor. The sea was calm but when he reached the  open sea there was a great storm. The ship was drowned. Malin Kundang and his money changed into a stone.

(    )One day Malin Kundang told his mother that he would go to town and work there. At first his mother did not allow him but finally she let him go with tears.

(    )Some years later he sailed to a harbor near his village. When his mother heard about this news she came to meet him. Malin Kundang pretended not to know her. He said, “You are not my mother. Go away!” His mother became very sad and before she went she said, “Oh, Malin Kundang, you are wicked son. You’ll never be safe now. You and your money will turn to stone.”

(    )Now people call it Batu Simalin Kundang. We can see the stone from Air Manis, a village on the coast of West Sumatra near Padang.

(    )An old woman and her son lived in a little village. Her son was called Malin Kundang. They were very poor but they loved each other very much.

(    )Malin Kundang worked hard in a big town and in a short time he became a rich man. However he completely forgot his poor old mother.

Text 3

Read the text and answer the questions

RORO JONGGRANG (The legend of Prambanan Temple)

The war between Pengging and Prambanan ragend in the battlefield. The commander of Pengging was Prince Bandung Bandawasa and the commander of Prambanan was King Baka, a big giant. The King of Prambanan was killed, and the war was over. His wife, Roro Jonggrang, a very beautiful queen was safe.

Bandung Bandawasa fell in love with Roro Jonggrang and proposed her to be his wife. Roro Jonggrang refused his proposal because she thought it would be better if he proposed her daughter, Nawangsih. But Bandung insisted to marry her. Roro Jonggrang asked him a marriage settlement. She would accept him as her husband if Bandung could make a magnificent temple with a thousand beautiful statues around it and finished them in one night before the sun shone.

He agreed her and prayed for help to Gods. When the night fell a big work began. In the field there was a noise of carving and arranging stones, but no one could see what happened.

Bandung Bandawasa almost finished his temples, but Roro Jonggrang cheated him. She asked villagers to burn paddi plants in the East, so the women grinded the rice and the cocks crowed. It signed that the sun shone. Bandung knew about this and became angry. He revenged her and made her a statue.

Bandung Bandawasa was deeply in love with Roro Jonggrang. So he was very disappointed seeing Roro Jonggrang became a statue. He saw the statue from a certain distance, and the statue waved him and smiled. Bandung Bandawasa called her aloud, “ Jonggrang, don’t leave me!”. He came closer to her but it was a stone. He did it again and again. Bandung broke his heart and came home to Pengging. And Jongrang ran away from Bandung Bandawasa to a certain village.

Bandung’s father, the king of Pengging asked about the war. But Bandung just smiled and called Roro Jonggrang, “Oh, Jonggrang, will you marry me?”. His father asked him again about the war, but Bandung did not care his father’s order. His father became very angry and said, “Bandung , you are the commander of Pengging, but you acted as if you were a dog". Suddenly, Bandung became a dog.

The dog ran away to the village. However, in the village the dog met a women who was weaving clothes. The woman was in trouble with the spin (mata pintal benang). She said, “Whoever could help with my spin, he would be my husband.” No one could help her but the dog.

Questions!

Answer the following questions based on the story.

1.      When did the story occur?

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2.      Where did the story happen?

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3.      Mention the characters involved in the story?

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4.      Who won the fight?

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5.      Did Bandung Bondowoso fall in love with Roro Jonggrang?

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6.      Did she finally accept his love? Why?

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7.      What did she ask Bandung Bondowoso to do?

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8.      Did Bandung succeed in completing 1.000 statues as Roro Jonggrang requested?

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9.      What did Roro Jonggrang do to cancel Bandung‘s work?

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10.   What did Bandung do after knowing her trickery?

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A.       NARRATIVE

Text

The Boy Who Cried Wolf

There once was a shepherd boy who was bored as he sat on the hillside watching the village sheep. To amuse himself he took a great breath and sang out, "Wolf! Wolf! The Wolf is chasing the sheep!"

The villagers came running up the hill to help the boy drive the wolf away. But when they arrived at the top of the hill, they found no wolf. The boy laughed at the sight of their angry faces. "Don't cry 'wolf', shepherd boy," said the villagers, "when there's no wolf!" They went grumbling back down the hill.

Later, the boy sang out again, "Wolf! Wolf! The wolf is chasing the sheep!" To his naughty delight, he watched the villagers run up the hill to help him drive the wolf away. When the villagers saw no wolf they sternly said, "Save your frightened song for when there is really something wrong! Don't cry 'wolf' when there is NO wolf!"

But the boy just grinned and watched them go grumbling down the hill once more.
Later, he saw a REAL wolf prowling about his flock. Alarmed, he leaped to his feet and sang out as loudly as he could, "Wolf! Wolf!" But the villagers thought he was trying to fool them again, and so they didn't come.

At sunset, everyone wondered why the shepherd boy hadn't returned to the village with their sheep. They went up the hill to find the boy. They found him weeping.

"There really was a wolf here! The flock has scattered! I cried out, "Wolf!" Why didn't you come?" An old man tried to comfort the boy as they walked back to the village.

"We'll help you look for the lost sheep in the morning," he said, putting his arm around the youth,
Nobody believes a liar...even when he is telling the truth!" .

(Source: Mahayana: 2004)

Questions!

1.      What is the main idea of the first paragraph?

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2.      What are the characters in the story?

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3.      Where and when did the story take place?

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4.      What does the word “their” in the second paragraph refers to?

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5.      What does the word “he” in the second paragraph refers to?

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6.      Who was the boy?

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7.      Why did he like to sing out” Wolf! Wolf!. The wolf is chasing the sheep?

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8.      Why didn’t the villager believe him anymore?

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9.      What did the boy do when the real wolf came?

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10.   What is the lesson taken from the story?

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Text

Enjoy the story below!

Keong Mas (The Golden Snail)

Prince Raden Putra and Dewi Limaran were husband and wife. They lived in a palace. Prince Raden Putra's father was the king of the kingdom.

One day, Dewi Limaran was walking around in the palace garden. Suddenly she saw a snail. It was ugly and disgusting.

"Yuck!" said Dewi Limaran and then she threw it away into a river.

She did not know that the snail was actually an old and powerful witch. She could transform herself into anything.

The witch was angry to Dewi Limaran. The witch put a spell on her and changed her into a golden snail. The witch then threw it away into the river.

The golden snail was drifting away in the river and got caught into a net. An old woman was fishing and used her net to catch some fish. She was surprised to see a golden snail in her net. She took it and brought it home.

When the old woman woke up in the morning, she was surprised that the house was in good condition. The floor was mopped. And she also had food on the table.

She was thinking very hard. "Who did this to me? The person is very kind."

It happened again and again every morning. The old woman was very curious. One night she decided to stay up late. She was peeping from her room to know who cooked for her.

Then, she could not believe what she saw. The golden snail she caught in the river turned into a beautiful woman. The old woman approached her.

"Who are you, young girl?"

"I am Dewi Limaran, Ma'am. A witch cursed me. I can change back as a human only at night," explained Dewi Limaran. "The spell can be broken if I hear the melody from the holly gamelan," continued Dewi Limaran. The old woman then rushed to the palace. She talked to Prince Raden Putra about her wife. Prince Raden Putra was so happy. He had been looking for his wife everywhere.

He then prayed and meditated. He asked the Gods to give him the holy gamelan. He wanted to break the witch's spell.

After several days praying and meditating, finally Gods granted his wish. He immediately brought the holly gamelan to the old woman's house. He played it beautifully. And then amazingly the golden snail turned into the beautiful Dewi Limaran.

The couple was so happy that they could be together again. They also thanked the old woman for her kindness. As a return, they asked her to stay in the palace.

Questions!
Answer the questions below based on the text above!

1.      Do you enjoy reading story?

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2.      Do you think this is a well-written story?

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3.      Is it sad ending or happy ending story?

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4.      Who are the characters in the story?

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5.      Who is the main character?

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6.      Did the main character find a problem in this story?

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7.      Which sentence in the text shows the problems?

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8.      Was the problem resolved?

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9.      Which sentence(s) in the text shows how the problem resolved?

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10.   What moral lesson do you get from the story above?

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